Optimal. Leaf size=314 \[ \frac{3 \left (2 a^2+b^2\right ) \sqrt{a^2-b^2} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )+b}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^2 b^4 d}-\frac{6 \left (-a^4 b^2+2 a^6-b^6\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )+b}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^4 b^4 d \sqrt{a^2-b^2}}-\frac{\left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 \cos (c+d x)}{2 a^2 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))^2}+\frac{2 \left (2 a^2+b^2\right ) \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{a^3 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}-\frac{3 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{2 a b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}+\frac{3 b \tanh ^{-1}(\cos (c+d x))}{a^4 d}-\frac{\cot (c+d x)}{a^3 d}+\frac{3 a x}{b^4}+\frac{\cos (c+d x)}{b^3 d} \]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Rubi [A] time = 0.4928, antiderivative size = 314, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 20, number of rules used = 11, integrand size = 29, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.379, Rules used = {2897, 3770, 3767, 8, 2638, 2664, 2754, 12, 2660, 618, 204} \[ \frac{3 \left (2 a^2+b^2\right ) \sqrt{a^2-b^2} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )+b}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^2 b^4 d}-\frac{6 \left (-a^4 b^2+2 a^6-b^6\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )+b}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^4 b^4 d \sqrt{a^2-b^2}}-\frac{\left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 \cos (c+d x)}{2 a^2 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))^2}+\frac{2 \left (2 a^2+b^2\right ) \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{a^3 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}-\frac{3 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{2 a b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}+\frac{3 b \tanh ^{-1}(\cos (c+d x))}{a^4 d}-\frac{\cot (c+d x)}{a^3 d}+\frac{3 a x}{b^4}+\frac{\cos (c+d x)}{b^3 d} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
Rule 2897
Rule 3770
Rule 3767
Rule 8
Rule 2638
Rule 2664
Rule 2754
Rule 12
Rule 2660
Rule 618
Rule 204
Rubi steps
\begin{align*} \int \frac{\cos ^4(c+d x) \cot ^2(c+d x)}{(a+b \sin (c+d x))^3} \, dx &=\int \left (\frac{3 a}{b^4}-\frac{3 b \csc (c+d x)}{a^4}+\frac{\csc ^2(c+d x)}{a^3}-\frac{\sin (c+d x)}{b^3}-\frac{\left (a^2-b^2\right )^3}{a^2 b^4 (a+b \sin (c+d x))^3}+\frac{2 \left (2 a^6-3 a^4 b^2+b^6\right )}{a^3 b^4 (a+b \sin (c+d x))^2}-\frac{3 \left (2 a^6-a^4 b^2-b^6\right )}{a^4 b^4 (a+b \sin (c+d x))}\right ) \, dx\\ &=\frac{3 a x}{b^4}+\frac{\int \csc ^2(c+d x) \, dx}{a^3}-\frac{\int \sin (c+d x) \, dx}{b^3}-\frac{(3 b) \int \csc (c+d x) \, dx}{a^4}-\frac{\left (a^2-b^2\right )^3 \int \frac{1}{(a+b \sin (c+d x))^3} \, dx}{a^2 b^4}-\frac{\left (3 \left (2 a^6-a^4 b^2-b^6\right )\right ) \int \frac{1}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx}{a^4 b^4}+\frac{\left (2 \left (2 a^6-3 a^4 b^2+b^6\right )\right ) \int \frac{1}{(a+b \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx}{a^3 b^4}\\ &=\frac{3 a x}{b^4}+\frac{3 b \tanh ^{-1}(\cos (c+d x))}{a^4 d}+\frac{\cos (c+d x)}{b^3 d}-\frac{\left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 \cos (c+d x)}{2 a^2 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))^2}+\frac{2 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \left (2 a^2+b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{a^3 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}+\frac{\left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 \int \frac{-2 a+b \sin (c+d x)}{(a+b \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx}{2 a^2 b^4}-\frac{\left (2 \left (2 a^6-3 a^4 b^2+b^6\right )\right ) \int \frac{a}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx}{a^3 b^4 \left (-a^2+b^2\right )}-\frac{\operatorname{Subst}(\int 1 \, dx,x,\cot (c+d x))}{a^3 d}-\frac{\left (6 \left (2 a^6-a^4 b^2-b^6\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{a+2 b x+a x^2} \, dx,x,\tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{a^4 b^4 d}\\ &=\frac{3 a x}{b^4}+\frac{3 b \tanh ^{-1}(\cos (c+d x))}{a^4 d}+\frac{\cos (c+d x)}{b^3 d}-\frac{\cot (c+d x)}{a^3 d}-\frac{\left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 \cos (c+d x)}{2 a^2 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))^2}-\frac{3 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{2 a b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}+\frac{2 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \left (2 a^2+b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{a^3 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}-\left (2 \left (\frac{1}{a^2}-\frac{2 a^2}{b^4}+\frac{1}{b^2}\right )\right ) \int \frac{1}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx-\frac{\left (a^2-b^2\right ) \int \frac{2 a^2+b^2}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx}{2 a^2 b^4}+\frac{\left (12 \left (2 a^6-a^4 b^2-b^6\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{-4 \left (a^2-b^2\right )-x^2} \, dx,x,2 b+2 a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{a^4 b^4 d}\\ &=\frac{3 a x}{b^4}-\frac{6 \left (2 a^6-a^4 b^2-b^6\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^4 b^4 \sqrt{a^2-b^2} d}+\frac{3 b \tanh ^{-1}(\cos (c+d x))}{a^4 d}+\frac{\cos (c+d x)}{b^3 d}-\frac{\cot (c+d x)}{a^3 d}-\frac{\left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 \cos (c+d x)}{2 a^2 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))^2}-\frac{3 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{2 a b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}+\frac{2 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \left (2 a^2+b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{a^3 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}-\frac{\left (\left (a^2-b^2\right ) \left (2 a^2+b^2\right )\right ) \int \frac{1}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx}{2 a^2 b^4}-\frac{\left (4 \left (\frac{1}{a^2}-\frac{2 a^2}{b^4}+\frac{1}{b^2}\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{a+2 b x+a x^2} \, dx,x,\tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{d}\\ &=\frac{3 a x}{b^4}-\frac{6 \left (2 a^6-a^4 b^2-b^6\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^4 b^4 \sqrt{a^2-b^2} d}+\frac{3 b \tanh ^{-1}(\cos (c+d x))}{a^4 d}+\frac{\cos (c+d x)}{b^3 d}-\frac{\cot (c+d x)}{a^3 d}-\frac{\left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 \cos (c+d x)}{2 a^2 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))^2}-\frac{3 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{2 a b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}+\frac{2 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \left (2 a^2+b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{a^3 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}+\frac{\left (8 \left (\frac{1}{a^2}-\frac{2 a^2}{b^4}+\frac{1}{b^2}\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{-4 \left (a^2-b^2\right )-x^2} \, dx,x,2 b+2 a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{d}-\frac{\left (\left (a^2-b^2\right ) \left (2 a^2+b^2\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{a+2 b x+a x^2} \, dx,x,\tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{a^2 b^4 d}\\ &=\frac{3 a x}{b^4}-\frac{4 \left (\frac{1}{a^2}-\frac{2 a^2}{b^4}+\frac{1}{b^2}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\right )}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2} d}-\frac{6 \left (2 a^6-a^4 b^2-b^6\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^4 b^4 \sqrt{a^2-b^2} d}+\frac{3 b \tanh ^{-1}(\cos (c+d x))}{a^4 d}+\frac{\cos (c+d x)}{b^3 d}-\frac{\cot (c+d x)}{a^3 d}-\frac{\left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 \cos (c+d x)}{2 a^2 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))^2}-\frac{3 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{2 a b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}+\frac{2 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \left (2 a^2+b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{a^3 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}+\frac{\left (2 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \left (2 a^2+b^2\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{-4 \left (a^2-b^2\right )-x^2} \, dx,x,2 b+2 a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{a^2 b^4 d}\\ &=\frac{3 a x}{b^4}-\frac{4 \left (\frac{1}{a^2}-\frac{2 a^2}{b^4}+\frac{1}{b^2}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\right )}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2} d}-\frac{\sqrt{a^2-b^2} \left (2 a^2+b^2\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^2 b^4 d}-\frac{6 \left (2 a^6-a^4 b^2-b^6\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^4 b^4 \sqrt{a^2-b^2} d}+\frac{3 b \tanh ^{-1}(\cos (c+d x))}{a^4 d}+\frac{\cos (c+d x)}{b^3 d}-\frac{\cot (c+d x)}{a^3 d}-\frac{\left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 \cos (c+d x)}{2 a^2 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))^2}-\frac{3 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{2 a b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}+\frac{2 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \left (2 a^2+b^2\right ) \cos (c+d x)}{a^3 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}\\ \end{align*}
Mathematica [A] time = 6.20395, size = 332, normalized size = 1.06 \[ \frac{-a^2 b^2 \cos (c+d x)+5 a^4 \cos (c+d x)-4 b^4 \cos (c+d x)}{2 a^3 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))}+\frac{2 a^2 b^2 \cos (c+d x)+a^4 (-\cos (c+d x))-b^4 \cos (c+d x)}{2 a^2 b^3 d (a+b \sin (c+d x))^2}-\frac{3 \left (-a^4 b^2+a^2 b^4+2 a^6-2 b^6\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sec \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) \left (a \sin \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )+b \cos \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^4 b^4 d \sqrt{a^2-b^2}}-\frac{3 b \log \left (\sin \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{a^4 d}+\frac{3 b \log \left (\cos \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{a^4 d}+\frac{\tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{2 a^3 d}-\frac{\cot \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{2 a^3 d}+\frac{3 a (c+d x)}{b^4 d}+\frac{\cos (c+d x)}{b^3 d} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maple [B] time = 0.21, size = 903, normalized size = 2.9 \begin{align*} \text{result too large to display} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maxima [F(-2)] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{Exception raised: ValueError} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Fricas [A] time = 4.01052, size = 2634, normalized size = 8.39 \begin{align*} \text{result too large to display} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Sympy [F(-1)] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{Timed out} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Giac [A] time = 1.32316, size = 622, normalized size = 1.98 \begin{align*} \frac{\frac{6 \,{\left (d x + c\right )} a}{b^{4}} - \frac{6 \, b \log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right ) \right |}\right )}{a^{4}} + \frac{\tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )}{a^{3}} - \frac{6 \,{\left (2 \, a^{6} - a^{4} b^{2} + a^{2} b^{4} - 2 \, b^{6}\right )}{\left (\pi \left \lfloor \frac{d x + c}{2 \, \pi } + \frac{1}{2} \right \rfloor \mathrm{sgn}\left (a\right ) + \arctan \left (\frac{a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right ) + b}{\sqrt{a^{2} - b^{2}}}\right )\right )}}{\sqrt{a^{2} - b^{2}} a^{4} b^{4}} + \frac{2 \, b^{4} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} - a b^{3} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} + 4 \, a^{4} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right ) + 2 \, b^{4} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right ) - a b^{3}}{{\left (\tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} + \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )\right )} a^{4} b^{3}} + \frac{2 \,{\left (3 \, a^{5} b \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} + 3 \, a^{3} b^{3} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} - 6 \, a b^{5} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} + 4 \, a^{6} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} + 9 \, a^{4} b^{2} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} - 3 \, a^{2} b^{4} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} - 10 \, b^{6} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} + 13 \, a^{5} b \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right ) + a^{3} b^{3} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right ) - 14 \, a b^{5} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right ) + 4 \, a^{6} + a^{4} b^{2} - 5 \, a^{2} b^{4}\right )}}{{\left (a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} + 2 \, b \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right ) + a\right )}^{2} a^{4} b^{3}}}{2 \, d} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]